Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry

Course Code:2853, Course Title: Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry Marks 100, 4 Credits, 60 Lectures  

1.Bonding in Organic Compounds: Atomic orbitals; Covalent bonds; sigma and pi bonds; Hybridization of orbitals; Shapes of molecules; Classification of organic compounds based on their functional groups, polar and nonpolar molecules; Nomenclature of organic compounds. Formation of carbocations, carbanion, free radicals and their stabilities. Homologous series;  

2.Hydrocarbons and their classification:Alkanes: Structure; Nomenclature; Sources; preparation and reaction of alkanes and cycloalkanes; conformation of n butane and cyclohexane, wurtz reaction. Free radical mechanism of halogenation. CFC. 

 3.Alkenes: Structure and orbital picture and sources; Nomenclature; Preparation and reaction of alkenes; Geometrical Isomerism of alkenes; cis-trans and E.Z systems; mechanism of electrophilic addition; Markowikov’s and Anti Markowniov’s rule, stereo specific reactions cis 
4.Dienes: Structure and orbital picture; Nomenclature; Preparation and rections of dienes; Diels-alder reaction; Polymerization, conjugated dines.  

5.Alkynes: Structure and orbital picture; Nomenclature; Preparation; Reactions of alkynes; Electrophilic addition reaction; Acidity of alkynes.

6.Alkyl Halides: Structure; Nomenclature; Preparation and properties of alkyl halides; Mechanism of nucleophilic substitution reaction and elimination reactions; Grignard reagent; its synthesis and application. 

7.Alcohols and ethers: Structure; Nomenclature; Classification of alcohols, Preparation, reactions of monohydric, dihydric and trihydric alcohols. Reactions of alcohols: dehydration, substitution, oxidation and reduction. Acidity and basicity of alcohols. Hydrogen bonding and boiling point of alcohols.  

8.Ethers and Epoxides: Nomenclature; Preparation, reactions of ethers; Ethers as protecting groups; Crownethers. 

9.Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature: Orbital picture of carbonyl group. General methods of Preparation and reactions of aldehydes and ketones; Nucleophilic addition reaction of carbonyl compounds. A brief study of mechanism of Cantizzaro reaction and condensation reactions of carbonyl compounds. 

10.Carboxylic Acids: Structure and orbital picture; Nomenclature; Acidity, resonance effect and inductive effect on acidity; General methods of preparation and reactions of carboxylic acids, preparation and reactions of hydroxy acids, unsaturated acids, keto-acids; Synthesis using active methylene compounds; Preparation and reactions of carboxylic acid derivatives; esters, acid halides, anhydrides and amides.  

Books Recommended:  
1.Organic Chemstry, R.T. Mirrison and R N Boyd, Sixth Edition  
2.Organic Chemisty, IL Finar, Vol.I. Longmans, 6th Ed. 
3.Modern Organic Chemistry, R.W Griffin Jr, McGraw Hill 
4.Principles of Organic Chemistry, J. English, H.G Cassidy and R.I Baird. MeGraw Hill 5.Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry, J.D. roberts and M.C Casserio. W.W. Benjamin Inc. 6.Organic Chemistry, McMuny. Broks-Coole.